Mediation and Alternative Dispute Resolution
I'd rather jaw, jaw, jaw, than war, war, war.
--Winston
Churchill
If you're involved in a legal dispute, you may be able
to settle it without going to court. One way to do this is to work out
a solution with the help of a mediator -- a neutral third-person.
Unlike a judge or an arbitrator, a mediator will not take
sides or make decisions, but will help each party evaluate goals and options
in order to find a solution that works for everyone.
When you reach an agreement with an opposing party through
mediation, you can make it legally binding by writing down your decisions
in the form of an enforceable contract. Or, in some areas, you can have
your agreement made part of a court judgment.
MEDIATION
FAQ’s
• What is mediation?
• What are the benefits of mediation?
• What's the difference between mediation and arbitration
or litigation?
• What kind of cases can be mediated?
• What does the mediator do?
• How long does mediation take?
• What are the typical steps in a mediation?
• How can I be sure mediation produces a fair result?
• What happens at a mediation meeting?
• If I choose mediation, do I still need a lawyer?
• Who should attend mediation meetings?
• How can I prepare for the mediation?
• Who pays for the mediation?
• What about confidentiality?
• When is the mediation finished?
• What if agreement is not reached in mediation?
• How do we get started?
What
is mediation?
Mediation is a voluntary, confidential process in which
a neutral third-party (the mediator) facilitates negotiation between parties
to help them reach a mutually acceptable solution to their problem.
The basic structure is for the parties to express how they view the case
and what they would like to see happen to resolve it. Unlike an arbitrator
who can decide the outcome, a mediator has no decision-making authority,
but simply helps disputants communicate, evaluate their needs and interests,
generate options and craft a workable resolution.
In essence, mediation is assisted negotiation. The goal is not to decide
who is right or wrong. Rather, the persons are asked to provide a picture
of the overall situation and to release any pent up emotions that may
be blocking the way to resolution.
Mediation focuses primarily on mutual benefits and calls for the parties
to approach the problem in a spirit of cooperation. The mediation process
transforms adversaries into joint problem-solvers. The focus is not on
losing or winning but transforming the situation to maximize benefits
to all.
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What
are the benefits of Mediation?
• Expeditious - people save time and reach a quicker resolution
by finding common ground.
• Cost-effective - it costs far less than expensive, drawn out courtroom
litigation.
• Confidential - mediation takes place behind closed doors and not
in an open courtroom.
• Flexible - the parties agree to follow their own schedule.
• Professional - Attorney Alternative's Mediators are all Certified
Mediators in the State of California
• Non-confrontational - parties can maintain a relationship through
mutual compromise.
• Effective - the majority of the cases that go to Mediation are
settled within 60 days.
Back to FAQ
What’s
the difference between mediation and arbitration or litigation?
In mediation, the procedure is informal and the parties are free to accept
or reject any terms of settlement suggested during the mediation. The
parties determine their own outcome.
By contrast, arbitrators and courts are obliged to decide
a dispute according to the law and rules of evidence and procedure, and
the parties are legally bound by an arbitrator’s award or a judgment
of the court. The parties have little control over the outcome.
In arbitration, the parties in dispute authorize a neutral third person
to make a binding decision on the dispute after hearing both sides. Arbitration
is similar to a private court in which the parties choose their own judge.
In contrast, in mediation, the parties may choose the mediator, but they
do not authorize the mediator to make any decisions for them.
Back to FAQ
What
kinds of cases can be mediated?
Some examples would be:
• Family disputes
- divorce, child custody, visitation, spousal support, roommates, living
arrangements
• Church issues
- ministry conflict, interpersonal disputes, Elder Board or governing
body controversies, inter-pastoral issues, planning or expansion discussions,
and more
• Landlord/Tenant
- security deposits, rent payment, repairs, evictions, apartment entry,
lockout
• Real Estate transactions
- purchase/sell disputes, disclosure issues, real estate
broker commissions, fee splitting, listing disputes, seller carry-back
or other financing matters
• Employer/Employee
- contracts, wages, discrimination, harassment, non-union dismissals
• Neighbor/Neighbor
- noise, pets, nuisances, parking, use of common property
• Consumer/Merchant
- refunds, warranties, repairs, deposits, service
• Debtor/Creditor
- small claims, payment plans
Many other disputes can be resolved through
mediation, including those involving school, the community, business,
accidents and any other dispute as long as both parties are willing to
mediate and cooperate in arriving at a solution.
Back to FAQ
What
does the mediator do?
The mediator facilitates communication between the parties and helps them
to resolve their dispute. A Mediator will:
• explain the process and procedures involved
• guide the Mediation process to ensure that each party has an opportunity
to communicate his or her needs
• encourage and facilitate effective face-to-face communication,
interaction and mutual understanding between the parties
• keep discussions going, without showing favoritism or bias towards
either party
• accumulate information from each party in a fair and balanced
way
• ask questions to uncover additional facts
• attempt to clarify information and encourage co-ordination between
the parties
• provide the assurance of confidentiality
• assist each party to identify its real interests and concerns
• create a positive tone and maintain progress in the process
• help the parties to analyse their problem, narrow the issues,
and develop a realistic solution
• maintain each party's self-respect and satisfaction with the process
• structure and prepare the draft of a settlement agreement.
Back to FAQ
How long does mediation take?
Typical cases such as consumer claims, small business disputes or auto
accident claims are usually resolved anywhere from two hours to a full
day of mediation. Cases with multiple parties often last longer. Major
business disputes -- those involving lots of money, complex contracts
or ending a partnership -- may last several days or more.
Private divorce mediation,
where a couple aims to settle all the issues in their divorce -- property
division and alimony, as well as child custody, visitation and support
-- generally requires half a dozen or more mediation sessions spread over
several weeks or a couple of months.
Back to FAQ
What
are the typical steps in a mediation?
The steps usually include:
• the parties agree to voluntarily attend mediation
and agree to try to cooperate in solving their problem
• a preliminary meeting (or telephone discussion) is held to discuss
whether mediation would be helpful in the circumstances
• if so, the parties would provide a written outline of the key
issues and facts, exchanged prior to the mediation meeting
• one or more mediation meetings with the parties and the mediator
• assuring each party of the strict confidentiality of the process
• each party states their views of the problem at the mediation
meeting
• listening and talking to each other, sharing information, and
considering each other's perspectives
• reviewing the facts and issues involved
• exchanging views and/or proposals
• separate meetings between the mediator and each party (i.e., private
caucus)
• developing and agreeing to a voluntary and informed settlement.
The aim of these procedures is for the mediator to help the parties to
improve their interaction and to reach agreement on some or all of the
issues in dispute.
And mediation will nearly always save you money.
Back to FAQ
How
can I be sure mediation will produce a fair result?
Remember that in mediation, you and the other party will work to create
a solution to your own dispute. Unless you freely agree, there will be
no final resolution.
Finally, consider that agreements reached through mediation
are more likely to be carried out than those imposed by a judge. When
folks go to court, the losing party is almost always angry and often prone
to look for ways to violate the letter or spirit of any judgment. In contrast,
a number of studies show that people who have freely arrived at their
own solutions through mediation are significantly more likely to follow
through.
Back to FAQ
What
happens at a mediation meeting?
There is no set procedure for conducting the meetings. The process is
informal, but should still be understood and agreed to by the parties.
The face-to-face meeting of the parties is important. It provides an opportunity
to listen and talk with each other, share information, consider each other's
perspectives, and make voluntary decisions, with the help of an impartial
mediator. It can help to defuse personal antagonism and promote the communication
and understanding which will achieve settlement.
There may also be separate sessions between the mediator and one or more
of the parties. The objective is to narrow and resolve the issues that
separate the parties.
The mediator facilitates the meetings. It is usual to start with each
party explaining their issues. Fact finding will follow, and this should
involve hearing from others who have an interest in the dispute. Free
discussion will usually follow, as the information is clarified and understood.
This leads to identifying and evaluating options, from which the parties
can bargain and finally agree on a mutually-acceptable outcome.
Where the issues are complex, further information is being gathered, or
others need to be consulted, a series of meetings may be needed.
Back to FAQ
If I choose mediation, will I still need a lawyer?
In most mediations, it's not necessary to have a lawyer participate. This
is because the parties are trying to work together to solve their problem
-- not trying to convince a judge or arbitrator of their point of view
-- and because mediation rules are few and flexible. If your case involves
substantial property or legal rights, however, you may want to consult
with a lawyer before the mediation to discuss the legal consequences of
possible settlement terms.
Back to FAQ
Who
should attend meetings?
Mediation meetings are usually private. Only the parties should attend
the meetings with the mediator.
Other persons may attend with the consent of all parties, but it should
be limited to persons involved in the dispute or those with information
necessary to assist in the outcome.
Each party should be present personally, and be ready to make a binding
agreement.
Back to FAQ
How
can I prepare for the mediation?
This will depend on the nature of the dispute, the type of parties, the
extent to which information has already been exchanged, etc. Here are
some factors you might wish to consider:
It will usually be helpful for each party to prepare a brief and informal
summary of its position on the dispute. This will include background facts,
the issues in dispute, and the remedy that is being sought. It is not
necessary to prepare pleadings or formal statements of evidence.
Regardless of whether or not written summaries and documentation are used,
you will need to plan an oral statement for the mediation meeting. You
should attempt to present your concerns and needs in a concise and helpful
way, so as to set the scene for the mediation. Plan to speak for 15-30
minutes, or more according to the circumstances.
Take some time to study what is involved in mediation, by reviewing this
FAQ and the other information on this site. If you are still unsure on
some point of preparation or procedure, you can contact Attorney Alternative
and we will be glad to answer any questions you might have.
Think about the issues involved. What is the problem and what do you want
to achieve? For example, think about:
• what do you really want?
• what would this do for you?
• what are the underlying needs you need to satisfy?
• how can you explain these needs to others.
Back to FAQ
Who pays for the mediation?
The mediator's fees and expenses, and all other expenses of the mediation
meetings, are usually paid equally by the parties.
However, the parties can agree otherwise. For example, one person may
feel that the only way to bring the other party into the process is to
offer to pay more than half of the costs. Again, the parties will arrive
at their own arrangement for the payment of fees.
Back to FAQ
What
about confidentiality?
Mediation is a private procedure. Mediation is also intended to be "without
prejudice", which means it is confidential and may not be referred
to in any subsequent arbitration or court proceedings. The parties are
required to maintain that confidentiality.
At a separate meeting with a party (called a "caucus"), the
mediator may also hear information which is to be kept confidential from
other parties.
Information must not be divulged by the mediator. However, the mediator
should not keep confidential any knowledge of a serious crime to be committed
or of a physical danger to any person (this is a general principle of
law, and not something dependent on the agreement of the parties).
Back to FAQ
When
is the mediation finished?
The mediation process may be terminated:
• when full or partial resolution of the issues has been reached
• by agreement of the parties
• at the suggestion of the mediator, or
• if a party advises that it is withdrawing from the mediation proceedings
(parties cannot be forced to continue with a mediation against their will).
Back to FAQ
What
if agreement is not reached in mediation?
Sometimes it is not possible to settle a dispute through mediation. However,
the time and effort put into mediation is still usually found to be useful.
For example, the dispute may be subsequently settled by negotiation, based
on relationships and understandings developed during the mediation. Alternatively,
if it proceeds to arbitration or litigation, the parties and their advisers
will be better prepared and better able (subject to confidentiality) to
assist the arbitrator or judge in defining the issues and achieving an
efficient and final decision on the outstanding issues. Thus, time and
cost should be saved anyway.
Back to FAQ
How
do we get started?
Either party can suggest to the other party that a dispute be referred
to mediation. If the other party agrees, the mediation can be scheduled
right away.
The next step is to choose a mediator. The mediator must be acceptable
to the parties, have credibility with them, and have their trust to participate
actively in resolving their dispute. Attorney Alternative provides expert
mediation services from a Certified Mediator who practices in Southern
California.
Contact us today
to see if Mediation may be right for your dispute.
IF YOU DON'T NEED AN ATTORNEY'S ADVICE...
DON'T PAY AN ATTORNEY'S PRICE!
Contact us for more information:
Attorney Alternative
16162 Beach Blvd., Suite 207
Huntington Beach, CA 92647
TOLL FREE:
1-866-4NOLAWYERS
(1-866-466-5299)
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